What are the components of the TNCC primary survey in order?

• A. Airway with cervical spine protection; Breathing; Circulation; Disability; Exposure.
• B. Airway with cervical spine protection; Breathing; Circulation; Exposure; Disability.
• C. Airway; Breathing; Circulation; Disability; Exposure.
• D. Airway; Breathing; Circulation; Disability.

Answer: (A)

The main concept tested is the sequence of the TNCC primary survey, which is designed to rapidly identify and treat life-threatening issues in trauma. Start with Airway with cervical spine protection to ensure a patent airway while immobilizing the spine if a neck injury is possible. Next, assess Breathing to confirm adequate ventilation and oxygenation and to detect problems like pneumothorax or deteriorating respiration. Then evaluate Circulation to control hemorrhage and ensure perfusion to vital organs. After that, perform Disability to get a quick snapshot of neurological status and level of consciousness, guiding urgent neuro interventions if needed. Finally, move to Exposure to thoroughly inspect the entire body for hidden injuries, while taking steps to prevent hypothermia.

That order—Airway with cervical spine protection, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure—is why the correct choice is the one that includes cervical spine protection in the airway step and places Exposure last. The other options either skip the cervical spine protection, misplace Exposure relative to Disability, or omit Exposure altogether, which would miss important steps in completing the primary survey.